@article { author = {Abdel Motaal, Doaa}, title = {Land-Mistresses in Graeco-Roman Egypt}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {1-13}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52075}, abstract = {Women During The Graeco-Roman Period Held Many Important Positions And Had Many Types Of Occupations. Agricultural Occupations Were Among The Most Significance Works Of Women. She Works At The Field As A Labour As Well As She Owns The Field As The Land-Mistress. This Paper Aims To Highlight The Role Of Women As Land Mistress In Graeco-Roman Egypt Through Displaying Examples Of Successful Land-Mistress, Explaining Their Land Management And Clarifying Their Economical Impact During Greek And Roman Periods In Egypt. This Study Depends On Analyzing Methodology Of Documents From Family Archives And Other Documentary Sources. Results Of This Study Reveals The Women Had Economic Impact As A Landowner And This Impact Varied Through Time Because She Lost A Lot Of Her Legal Rights During The Roman Period.}, keywords = {Land-Mistress,Female Owners,Greek And Roman Periods,Egypt}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52075.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52075_abc432c98a883cbeb3797d7593f074eb.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd Elhalem, Khaled and Abdel Motaal, Doaa and Ebied, Ahmed}, title = {Archaeological Replica Models: A New Visitor Management Technique to Sustain the Heritage Sites}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {14-35}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52087}, abstract = {Egypt Is Known All Over The World By Its Unique Heritage. Though, Utilizing This Heritage As A Tourism Attraction Without Using Scientific Visit Management Influences It Negatively.  Visitor Management Methods And Techniques Such As, Limit Of Acceptable Change, Visitor Impact Management, Carrying Capacity, And Visitor Activity Management Process Are Some Of The Conservation Tools That Are Used To Reduce The Negative Impacts And Protect The Heritage Sites. The Current Study Attempts To Gain A Deep Sight On The Visitor Management Framework That Could Be Used In The Heritage Sites Particularly The Archeological Replica Models. The Replica Model Of King Tutantutankhamen Khamen Tomb In Luxor City Is Used As A Case Study. Many Research Methods Are Used In This Study Such As; Questionnaires Targeted The Tour Guides And The Archeological Inspectors In The City Of Luxor. Moreover Observation Checklist Applied On The Replica Of Tutankhamen Tomb. The Main Results Of The Study Showed That Replica Models Have An Important Role In Preserving Heritage Sites And An Effective Instrument To Sustain It. The Study Recommended Spreading Replica Models In Other Endangered Cultural Heritage Sites, And Achieving Cooperation With Foreign Companies Specialized In Production Of 3D Facsimiles In Order To Transfer The Skills And Expertise To Egyptian Experts.}, keywords = {Archaeological,heritage,King Tutankhamen,Replica Models,Sustainability,Visitor Management}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52087.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52087_e849d83724f8ad418cf0899c163add62.pdf} } @article { author = {Hanna, Engy}, title = {“Gliding Steps”: Dance As A Performing Art In Late Antique Egypt}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {36-63}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52099}, abstract = {Dance Scenes Are Found On Many Coptic Artefacts Of Daily Life Use, Most Prominently Combs, Earrings, Candlesticks, Inlays Of Caskets, Tunics, And Wall Decoration. This Paper Explores These Scenes In The Light Of Contemporary Textual Evidence From Egypt And Elsewhere. It Aims At Reconstructing A Clear Picture Of Dance In Late Antique Egypt As A Performing Art. Through An Art Historical Approach, The Study Explores Dancers’ Movements, Poses, Gestures, And Patterns Of Performance. It Analyses Representations Of Solo, Duet, And Group Dances. It Also Reveals How Dance Was Formalized In Numerous Types Of Performance According To Its Dramatic Context: Bacchic, Pyrrhic, Geranos, Pantomime, And Mime Dances. The Paper Also Sheds Some Light On Everyday Scenarios Which Were Presented In Theatrical Drama And Involved Dance. The Study Proposes A Hypothesis That Dance Scenes On Coptic Artefacts Do Not Merely Represent Mythological Or Imaginary Characters. They Provide Priceless Information About Actual Performance. It Also Highlights How Dance In Late Antique Egypt Was Part Of A Global Profession.}, keywords = {Women,Dance,Late antiquity,Coptic Art,Theater,Global Byzantium}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52099.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52099_63e211efbee6d783d12c8bd8abd5eca7.pdf} } @article { author = {Heragi, Mohammed}, title = {Premature Death Metaphors During the Ptolemaic Period}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {64-74}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52112}, abstract = {This Study Discusses The Metaphors Of The Sorrow Emotion Over Premature Death Through The Ancient Egyptian Literature Specially The Autobiographies Of Ptolemaic Period. The Present Article Argued That These Distress Metaphors Are Considered A Clear And Strong Indication To The Egyptian Social Abhor Towards The Premature Death.}, keywords = {Metaphors,Ancient Egyptian literature,Premature Death,Atoubiograghies,Ptolemaic period}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52112.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52112_6968ec8b58a51e52e2dc34896d3f12ea.pdf} } @article { author = {Shehawy, Yasser and Abouzied, Fatma}, title = {Evaluating Airlines Promotion Policies and Tactics in Crisis Environment from Customers' Satisfaction Perspectives: Egypt Air' Case Study}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {75-107}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52145}, abstract = {Air Transportation Services Considered The Leading Factor Driving The Growing Development In Tourism Industry And Its Economy. In The Current Global Service Economy, Airlines Considered The Lifeblood Of Tourism. Because Of The Airline Industry Has Been Closely Affected By And Linked To Internal Or External Politics, Economics, Security, Technological, Technical, Fatal Accidents, And Other Crisis Challenges; The Crisis Effects On The Airlines Industry Drew And Attract The Attention To Study And Analysis. This Study Considered Airlines Businesses As Crisis Environments By Its Nature. The Crisis Should Face By Different Promotion And Tactics Regarding Airlines Competitive Services, Customer Satisfaction, Service Quality Ameliorate And Avoiding Bankruptcy. The Importance Of The Study Is To Discuss The Main Airlines Promotion Policies And Tactics Success Indicators. The Study Diagnoses Essential Aspects For The Airlines Strategic Solutions From Customer's Perspectives Enriching Promotion Policies And Tactics In Its Dynamic Business Environment. Egyptair Studied Practically And Empirically As The Egyptian National Full-Service Airline Founded 1932. The Study Empirically Assessed And Integrated The Varying Factors By Conducting Egypt Air' Customers Survey Where Many Implications Are Discussed. By Questionnaire Survey, The Assessment Methodology Tools Depends On Collecting And Analyzing Quantitative And Theoretically Qualitative Concerned Data. The Convenient Sample Approach 542 From Egyptair Customers, Where Using SPSS Statistical Tools And Other Statistical Applied Techniques. Findings Of The Study Indicated And Revealed The Most Influential Airlines Promotion Policies And Tactics, Respectively Are; First, Investing In Icts Applications And Services, Second, Advantages Of Airline Strongest Branding And Alliances, Third, Highly Employees And Staff Skills And Qualification, Fourth, Caring The Customer Behavior Intentions, Fifth, Enriching Customers' Service Experiences, And, Previous Satisfied Experiences On Traveling By The Airlines. The Discussion Also Includes Many Tourism Crisis Theories And Practices Contribution To Tourism And Airlines Business Knowledge And Practices.}, keywords = {Customer satisfaction,Service quality,Branding,Crises Management,Egypt Air,ICTs, Promotion Policies And Tactics}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52145.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52145_4c9f9e42b854e29315560538c71df179.pdf} } @article { author = {Ezzat, Mohamed and G. Abd ElJalil, Sabreen and Othman, Asmaa}, title = {The Role of Egyptian Travel Agencies’ Websites in Increasing Tourist’s Online Trust}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {108-125}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52149}, abstract = {Online Trust Is The Base Of Relationship Between Customers And Organizations Such As Travel Agencies’ Websites. Many Tourism Companies Now Actively Use Internet Sites As A Key Marketing And Sales Vehicle For Their Products And Services. Online Relationships In The Tourism Industry Have Become Very Important Throughout The World, With Online Trust Becoming One Of The Most Important Factors That Makes E-Business Successful For Travel Agencies. The Main Objectives Of This Study Are; Identify The Factors Which May Affect Online Represented By Travel Agencies Website In Egypt. Moreover, Explaining The Performance Of The Egyptian Travel Agencies To Increase Tourist’s Online Trust. This Study Applied 6 Interviews As A Qualitative Method With Tourism Experts, Stakeholders And Managers Of Tourism Agencies Websites In Egypt. The Interviews Were Analyzed Through Content Analysis. The Results Demonstrated That The Egyptian Travel Agents Are Constantly Updating Their Websites. In Addition, According To Study Results. 50% Of Egyptian Travel Agents Update Their Websites Daily. The Study Recommends That Government Should Control The Online Relations Between The Tourist And Travel Providers To Protect The Consumer From Illegal Practices In Websites.}, keywords = {Egyptian Travel Agencies’ Websites,Online Trust,interviews}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52149.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52149_39c34048714163d6ce6adee6b3316546.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelhakim, Walaa and Magdy, Aya}, title = {The White Mirror of The Ministry of Antiquities: The Role of Training the Antiquities Inspector in Achieving Tourist Satisfaction (Applying on the Temple of Hatshepsut)}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {126-168}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52150}, abstract = {The Ministry Of Antiquities Employs For Each Opened Archeological Site In Egypt A Certain Staff With A Variety Of Responsibilities And Duties. On The Top Of Each Site Staff Is The Antiquities Inspector, One Or More In The Same Site, Who Among His Main Duties; Accompanying Foreign Missions In Archaeological Excavations, Accompanying Archaeological Exhibitions Abroad, Explaining To State Guests Visiting The Archaeological Sites, And Representing The Ministry Of Antiquity In The Governorate Where He Works. Thus The Antiquities Inspector Is Acting Like A Mirror; For The Ministry In His Contacts With The Visitors Of The Site Directly And Also For The Egyptian Destination Image Abroad Indirectly. This Mirror In Order To Be White, Which Means Reflecting The Best Image For The Antiquities Inspector, He Must Receive Certain Training Programs That Are Organized By The Ministry In Cooperation With Different Archaeological And Specialized Institutions To Enhance His Performance In A Perfect Way. This Is Reflected In The Tourist Satisfaction In The Archeological Site. The Research Aims To Give An Overview On The Antiquities Inspector, His Main Responsibilities, The Required Training Programs Applying On The Archeological Site Of Hatshepsut Temple, Evaluating Both The Performance Of The Antiquities Inspector And Tourist Satisfaction. The Research Methodology Includes Qualitative And Quantitative Methods; Survey Method Using Questionnaire Instrument Will Be Used To Obtain The Primary Data And The Total Sample Of 80 Tourists Visiting Hatshepsut Temple In Luxor. The Software Of Data Analysis Used Was SPSS Version 22. The Qualitative Methods Depends On Interviews That Were Carried Out With The Antiquities Inspector In Hatshepsut Temple To Determine His Actual Needs Of Specialized Training Programs And How To Be Useful For Him In The Area Of His Work. The Main Outcome Of The Research Is Acknowledging The Positive Relationship Between The Training Of Antiquities Inspector And The Tourist Satisfaction In The Archeological Site. This Is Achieved Through Performance Training Of Staff Reflected On Their Performance And This Affects Strongly On The Tourist Satisfaction Or Dissatisfaction. Based On The Results, Some Recommendations Were Suggested To Improve The Performance Of The Antiquities Inspector.}, keywords = {Antiquities Inspector,Hatshepsut Temple,Training,tourist satisfaction,performance}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52150.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52150_a139f1fade16f5c984b2bd92732197ee.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghanem, Mohammed}, title = {The Impact of Empowerment on Job Satisfaction Levels: An Applied Research on The Employees of the Five-Star Hotels in Alexandria}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {169-186}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52169}, abstract = {This Study Has Been Conducted In Order To Examine The Impact Of Employees' Empowerment On Their Job Satisfaction Levels. The Research Has Been Applied To A Sample Of 194 Employees In Six Of The Five-Star Hotels In Alexandria. The Survey Method Was Used To Collect Data, Which Were Statistically Processed Across Two Phases. The First Phase Represented In Calculating The Pearson Correlation Coefficient To Examine The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction As A Dependent Variable And Empowerment As An Independent Variable. The Second Phase Was To Analyze The Linear Regression Coefficient To Identify The Characteristics Of The Relationship (If Any), And Then To Ascertain The Extent And Direction Of The Impact Of Employees' Empowerment On Their Levels Of Job Satisfaction. Overall, The Results Showed A Strong Positive Relationship Between Empowerment As An Independent Variable And Job Satisfaction As A Dependent Variable At A Significant Level (0.05), Which Resulted In Accepting The Research Hypothesis.}, keywords = {employee empowerment,Five Star Hotels,Job Satisfaction}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52169.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52169_3bf364036fb9ba9b4923068041d24ae6.pdf} } @article { author = {Gohar, Eman and Rady, Ahmed and Zaki, Michael}, title = {Green Human Resource Management: Achieving High Performance of Human Resource Systems at Travel Agencies and Hotels}, journal = {International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {187-215}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Luxor University, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels}, issn = {2535-2318}, eissn = {2682-3632}, doi = {10.21608/ijthm.2019.52170}, abstract = {Today Organizations Have Become More Conscious About The Growing Importance Of The Integration Of Environmental Management And Human Resource Management I.E. ‘Green HRM’ Practices, Especially In The Field Of Tourism And Hospitality. The Aim Of This Study Is To Highlight The Application Of Greening Human Resources Procedures (Green Recruitment, Green Rewards, Green Development &Training And Green Empowerment) At Hotels And Travel Agencies And To Investigate The Gap Between Theory And Practice Related To Green Performance At Hotels And Travel Agencies At Luxor. A Questionnaire Was Distributed To A Sample Of Employees At 5 Star Hotels And Travel Agencies At Luxor City To Understand Their Perceptions Of The Application Of Green Human Resources Management In Their Institutions. A Total Of 200 Questionnaire Forms Were Distributed To Employees (120 At Hotels And 80 At Travel Agencies), Only 193 Employees Positively Shared The Questionnaire. The Results Showed That: The Green Performance Applied In Hotels Is Better Than That Applied In Travel Agencies, The Training &Green Development Techniques Do Not Apply At A Systematic Way At Hotels And Travel Agencies, The More The Worker’s Experience The More Qualified To Apply The Green Performance At Hotels And Travel Agencies And The Training And Green Development Procedures Applies At Hotels And Travel Agencies Have No Effect On The Green Performance. The Study Suggested Some Recommendations And Tested The Significance Of The Study Model And Equation That Represents The Influence Of Study Variables On The Green Performance At Hotels And Travel Agencies.}, keywords = {Environmental Management,Green Human Resource Management (GHRM),Human Resource Systems (HRS),Environmental Issues,Sustainable Human Resource Management (SHRM)}, url = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52170.html}, eprint = {https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_52170_2285bb1fad9c08679fc8cba784301cc0.pdf} }