2024-03-29T04:14:00Z
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=5122
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
Contextualizing the Crushing Victory: Booty of War in the New Kingdom Military Sources
Ahmad
Abo el Magd
This study investigates the booty of war as one of the main features of the both Egyptian textual and iconographic sources that describe the New Kingdom military confrontations that ranged from minor clashes to Ancient World Wars among the great Powers of Ancient Near East. The concern of the present article is to focus on the way the king expressed and perpetuated his victory over the other entities of the ancient Near East, Libya and Nubia when he ended the description of his wars by giving a detailed account, either by texts or images, of objects that he captured in the battlefield or the assaults and causalities that followed his victory over the enemies and the plunder list that giving a statistical details about such items. The present article represents an introduction of a series of articles that focus on the detailed description of such items of the booty of war.
Booty of War
Plunder List
Military Sources
New Kingdom
2018
06
01
8
22
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_28997_7be793f5755f23ad23260b4757f29356.pdf
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
A Touristic Archaeological Study for A Collection of Funeral and Charitable Islamic Establishments at Bāb Al-Naṣr Cemetery in Cairo
Hosam
Hemeda
Shaban
Mohammed
This article aims to study five Funeral Islamic Mausoleums and one Charitable Islamic monument (Sabīl). These buildings date back to the 19th and 20th centuries at the cemetery of Bāb al-Naṣr in Cairo published for the first time. These monuments are; the Courtyard of Muḥammed Abu al-ʿIla, the Mausoleum of el-Sitt Amna, the Mausoleum of ḤassanʿAbbās, the Mausoleum of al-Miʿallim Muṣṭafā Ibrāhīm al-Faḥām, the Mausoleum of al-Haǧ Ibrāhīm Ḥussiyn al-Zaiyāt and the Sabīl al-Haǧ Aḥmad Aḥmad al-Samāḥī. The cemetery of Bāb al-Naṣr is considered one of the important Islamic Archaeological sites in Islamic Cairo that contains a lot of Archaeological Mausoleums. The article studies these six monuments through describing the architectural and decorative elements and calligraphic inscriptions on the facades of these monuments. The researcher could not describe these Monuments from inside because they are inhabited by people who are prevented any one from entering. The article recommends increasing the awareness to the significance of the monuments of Bāb al-Naṣr cemetery and taking the necessary procedures for their registration upon the list of Islamic monuments, and ends with some suggested points of touristic development to the area of Bāb al-Naṣr Cemetery.
Bāb al-Naṣr
Cemetery
Courtyard
Mausoleum
sabīl
Touristic development
2018
06
01
23
55
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_28999_6a5c574a3b88639ba70ecaf9b300b3c5.pdf
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
Non-royal Nubian Clothing Representations during the New Kingdom and the Kushites Twenty-Fifth Dynasty
Ahmed
Ebied
Tamer
Fahim
There are interconnections between Egypt and Nubia since the Predynastic Period. The non-royal Nubians- as soldiers, servants, officials- were represented in the art of the New Kingdom in various artistic media. In c.750 BC the Kushites succeeded in invading Egypt and founding the Twenty-fifth Dynasty (c.750-664 BC). The non-royal Kushites adapted traditional non-royal Egyptian clothing and added some new elements to it. The authors here introduce a comparative study between the clothing of these non-royal individuals in the New Kingdom and Kushites Twenty-Fifth Dynasty in art. The New Kingdom art introduces Nubians wearing Egyptian clothing with remarkable Nubian features, while the Twenty-fifth Dynasty art represents Kushites wearing all Egyptian clothing from the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms as a kind of revivalism and adapting some Kushites elements; that misleads scholars to identify this new trend. The authors conclude that New Kingdom Egyptian artists in all representations marked non-royal Nubians with their own clothing, some of these Nubian clothing continued to be utilized by non-royal Kushites to keep their ethnic identity.
Clothing
Kushites Twenty-Fifth Dynasty
New Kingdom
Non-royal Nubians
Non-royal Kushites
2018
06
01
56
76
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_29000_5380935eec9af24be706556333f10573.pdf
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
Role of the Hair in Ancient Egypt
Hoda
Kandil
Mahmoud
El-Mohamdy
The main aim of this research is to study the role of the hair in Ancient Egypt, as the hair was generally a symbol of mourning. In this regard, the study is divided into two (6) major parts as follows: Introduction, The hair care in ancient Egypt, The Hair as Symbol of Mourning, Diseases of Hair and their Treatment, The result, and the catalog of the hair styles in ancient Egypt.
ancient Egypt
diseases
hair
Mourning
Treatment
2018
06
01
77
95
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_29001_cd074df2efc3ffcf831b88ddf0ad59be.pdf
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
Daily-Life Objects of the "Others" in the New Kingdom Military Sources
Ahmad
Abo el Magd
This paper discusses the daily-life objects of the others, i.e. the foreign enemies of Egypt and more specifically the Asiatics, Tjemehu-Libyans and Nubians. These daily-life objects like furniture, jewellery, plates, razors, clothes, etc. were mentioned or depicted in the New Kingdom textual and pictorial sources in the context of recording narratives of the wars as occurred in the Annals of King Thutmose III at Karnak or the scenes of booty of wars presentation to god Amun and his Triad after the royal victorious return loaded with objects he captured from his defeated enemies in the battlefield, after the destruction of their camp or their City Assault.
The present research argued that these daily-life objects can be considered as a clear and strong indication to the contemporaneous Ancient Near East, Libyan and Nubian cultures.
Foreign Civil Items
New Kingdom
Textual Sources
Pictorial Sources
2018
06
01
96
112
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_29003_974ed422f13dc258c68d5ea4c1b26494.pdf
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
Evaluating the Quality of Optional Excursions Provided by Egyptian Travel Agents in Hurghada
Ahmed
Barakaat
Noha
Abou ElGheit
Ayman
Kasem
Sabreen
G. Abd ElJalil
Optional excursion is now one of the main products in Egypt and has become a niche market to the country. There are several types of optional excursions in Red Sea Governorate among which diving, snorkeling safari tours, beach buggy, etc. The purpose of this paper is to assess the optional excursions in Hurghada. This paper clarified that there is a notable gap between the expectations and perceptions of tourists towards the optional tours. Quantitative approach based on questionnaires that directed to tourists in Hurghada. The results indicated that snorkeling is the most popular tour followed by diving then the safari tours come next. The lowest rank of optional tours was the water sports activities. Based on the results, some recommendations were suggested to improve the quality of optional excursions to reach the customer satisfaction.
Hurghada
Optional excursions
Service quality
Travel Agents
2018
06
01
113
131
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_29004_8e7929930f095083e36941449194c7d3.pdf
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
Airline Carriers E-Ticketing Mechanism Utilizing Online Reservations Management System
Omama
Helmy
Many nations has seen a consistent advancement in technology over the last fifty years, with the advancements in each field made conceivable resulting in a high improvement in our personal lifestyle and overall comfort. Airline carriers have developed into a standout amongst the most complex and intriguing businesses of today. The carriers have made the fantasy of flying of the people into a reality in under a century. Today, a large number of individuals fly each day. This has fortified the economies of spots as well as associated individuals and societies. The headway of innovation has prompted enormous advance in the arrangement of flight ticket booking throughout the years. Alongside globalization and the advancement of avionics industry, the procedure of ticket obtaining has additionally changed. Since the fast development and utilization of web in the 2000s, ticket buying has been conceivable on the web. Diminishing number of individuals is currently utilizing the conventional paper ticket while every significant carrier has given the likelihood of online tickets, generally known as e-ticket. A ticket today contains the data of the traveler's name, date of movement, the flight number, goal and beginning of movement, toll, charges, stuff data, administers on changes and discounts, type of installments, the legitimacy of the ticket, and other pertinent traveler information. In this paper, the framework behind online ticket booking particularly utilized via airlines will be clarified. Different sources, for example, eBooks, online articles and sites have been eluded to accumulate the materials for the paper. The paper has been composed by containing data retrieved from the sources said above and showed with fundamental understanding. The topic has been picked because of the enthusiasm for the system of current flight booking process.
Airline Carriers
e-ticketing
Mechanism Utilizing
Online Reservations
management system
2018
06
01
132
151
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_29005_e60d6f98578be0f66bafeb45b2c34c56.pdf
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
Airport Management and the Economic Structure of Alexandria Airports and Cairo International Airport with Emphasis on Borg El Arab International Airport
Omama
Helmy
It is regularly said that regulating an airport resembles being chairman of a company or a city. Like a city, an airport is involved in immense assortment of offices, frameworks, clients, laborers, principles, and controls. Additionally, similarly as urban communities flourish with exchange and business with different urban areas, airports are fruitful to some extent by their capacity to effectively service travelers and freight cargo to and from different airports. Moreover, similarly as urban communities discover their place as a component of its county's, states, and nation's economy, airlines as well must work effectively as a major aspect of the country's arrangement of airports. In this paper, the airport framework of Borg El Arab International Airport will be depicted in various ways.
The purpose of selecting Borg El Arab airport for this paper is because it serves as an important link between Alexandria, the Middle East, Europe and North Africa. Furthermore, Borg El Arab airport went under extreme renovations through 2015 to accommodate the increasing demand of serving Alexandria and the whole Nile Delta Region, providing all the latest conveniences for tourism and business travelers. It also handles extensive facilities for cargo.
To begin with, the national airport framework, all in all, will be summed up. Next, the different managerial structure that makes up the airport framework will be portrayed. Finally, the economic structure that governs the airport system will be illustrated.
Airport Management
Economic Structure
Alexandria Airport
Cairo International Airport
Borg El Arab International Airport
2018
06
01
152
170
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_29007_4632616b54dd261a3e45bdd0fbb3dcb6.pdf
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management
2535-2318
2535-2318
2018
1
1
Advantages and Challenges Associated with the Implementation of Food Risk Assessment in Nile Cruisers
Safwat
Adam
Food risk analysis provides an internationally accepted framework for assessing and managing risk posed by hazards in the food supply, food risk analysis consists of food risk assessment, food risk management, and food risk communication. The aims of this research were to determine advantages, challenges and effectiveness of the implementation of food risk assessment process in three and four-star Nile cruisers operating between Luxor and Aswan by using questionnaire instrument. Two hundred sixty questionnaire forms were distributed to the food and beverage managers and supervisors in three and four-star Nile cruisers, two hundred thirty were fully completed and returned, the questionnaires elicited information on the concept of food risk assessment, barriers hindering implementation and advantages that motivate three and four-star Nile cruisers to implement food risk assessment.
The results revealed that the respondents had not a sufficient awareness about food risk assessment, while just less than half of respondents (42%) gave the right definition of food risk assessment and the results revealed that the most important challenges of food risk assessment process implementation in Nile Cruisers are missing exposure data , inadequate assessment of hazardous properties ,the lack of training and qualification of manpower, mixing between the functions of risk assessment and risk management, the blurred tasks of the management of food risk assessors, lack of a clear risk assessment policy prior to implementation.
The study also showed the advantages and motivation for the implementation food risk assessments was; create awareness of hazards and risks. Identify who may be at risk (employees, cleaners, visitors, contractors, the public, etc.), determine if existing control measures are adequate or if more should be done, prevent injuries or illnesses when done at the design or planning stage, prioritize hazards and control measure. The study recommends that cruisers should establish an independent department for food safety risks management. The heads of such departments and supervisors should be adequately aware of food risk assessment concept.
Food Risk Assessment
hazards
challenges
Food Safety
Food Risk Analysis
2018
06
01
171
188
https://ijthm.journals.ekb.eg/article_29008_fbb37fe2afb78dfaaa8f0c93bc9ce7cd.pdf